|
The Ruthenian Catholic Church (also known as the "Byzantine Catholic Church" in America) is an Eastern Catholic Church that uses the Byzantine Rite in its services. It is one of the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches that is in full communion with the Holy See. There are two main communities within the Church - American and European. In the United States, the Byzantine Catholic Metropolitan Church of Pittsburgh is self-governing (''sui iuris''). In Europe, Ruthenian Catholics are immediately subject to the Holy See. The European branch has an eparchy in Ukraine (the Eparchy of Mukacheve) and another in the Czech Republic (the Ruthenian Apostolic Exarchate of Czech Republic). The Ruthenian Catholic Church is rooted among the Rusyn people who lived in Carpathian Ruthenia. This part of the Carpathian Mountains straddles the borders of the present-day states of Hungary, Slovakia and Ukraine. Today, the Church is multi-ethnic. Members of the Metropolitan province of Pittsburgh are predominantly English-speaking. Most are descendants of Rusyns but the descendants of other nationalities are also present such as Slovaks, Hungarians and Croats as well as those of non-Slavic and non-Eastern European ancestry. The modern Eparchy of Mukacheve in Ukraine is mostly Ukrainian speaking and remains officially part of the greater Ruthenian Church. ==History== The Ruthenian Church originally developed among the Rusyn people living in Carpathian Ruthenia as a result of the missionary outreach of Saints Cyril and Methodius who brought Christianity and the Byzantine Rite to the Slavic peoples in the ninth century. After the separation of the Catholic and Orthodox Churches in 1054, the Ruthenian Church retained its Orthodox ties.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Ruthenian Catholic Church )〕 The invasion of the Magyars in the 10th century later brought Catholic missionary influence to the area. With the Union of Uzhhorod in 1646, 63 Ruthenian clergy were received into the Catholic Church, and in 1664 a union reached at Mukachevo brought additional communities into the Catholic communion.〔 The resulting dioceses retained their Byzantine rite and liturgical traditions, and their bishops were elected by a council composed of Basilian monks and eparchial clergy. After almost a thousand years of Hungarian rule the region became, in part, incorporated in Czechoslovakia after World War I. Annexation to the Soviet Union after World War II led to persecution of the Ruthenian Catholic Church.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Eastern Catholic Pastoral Association of Southern California )〕 However, since the collapse of Communism the Ruthenian Catholic Church in Eastern Europe has seen a resurgence in numbers of faithful and priests. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ruthenian Catholic Church」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|